Pre-construction activities for Solar Power Plant (SPP) installations are critical for ensuring the system operates efficiently and safely. The analyses conducted during this phase include the following:

Evaluation of Roof or Land Structure:

• Environmental factors of the roof or land (e.g., wind, snow load, temperature, etc.), optimal shading distances, and angle values are determined. These factors are key elements influencing system efficiency.
• Active areas are identified, and the potential installed capacity in these areas is calculated.

Meteorological Data Analysis:

• To assist in SPP production analysis, necessary meteorological data (irradiance, temperature, wind speed, etc.) are collected and analyzed. These data are essential for accurately calculating the system's potential efficiency and energy production capacity.
• These analyses are conducted using four different simulation programs, ensuring the most accurate efficiency analysis.

Shading is particularly the major loss factor in rooftop solar power plants (SPPs). Therefore, shading analyses must be conducted thoroughly. The following steps are performed during this phase:

Analysis of Obstacles on the Roof:

• Obstacles on the roof (chimneys, antennas, lighting, etc.) are modeled using 3D modeling, and their impact on system efficiency is determined.
• Shading losses are calculated to achieve the most efficient panel placement.

Impact of Site and Surrounding Structures:

• The ground structure and other surrounding structures (buildings, trees, etc.) on the roof or land are considered, and shading variability is analyzed. These factors directly affect the system’s daily production.
• The effects of environmental factors must be professionally assessed to optimize solar energy production.

The equipment used in solar energy facilities exhibits technological diversity, which plays a crucial role in system efficiency. The following steps are performed at this stage:

Equipment Evaluation:

• Solar panels, inverters, mounting systems, cable connections, and other equipment are assessed in terms of different technological options.
• The characteristics of each piece of equipment, their impact on installed capacity, and system design are analyzed to select the most suitable equipment.

This process is essential to ensure optimal energy production, and all these analyses form the foundation for accurate planning and design before construction.

In solar energy projects, a financial feasibility study is a critical step to ensure accurate investment decisions. This study is conducted by creating a financial model aligned with the project's technical inputs. The main steps of this process are outlined below:

Cost Analysis and Design Alternatives

• Detailed cost analyses are conducted for each design alternative, covering all expenses from equipment to construction costs.
• Offers from EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) firms are included in the cost analysis to provide accurate project cost estimates.

Financial Feasibility Model

• Based on the technical and cost data obtained, a financial feasibility model is created. This model serves as a decision support tool, facilitating strategic decision-making for investors.

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) Calculations

Calculations for Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) are performed. These calculations provide insights into the project's profitability and investment payback period.

• IRR determines the annual return rate the project will yield to the investor.
• NPV measures the profitability of the investment by calculating the present value of future cash flows.

Reporting

• All analyses and calculations are compiled into a report for the client. This report provides investors with clear information on the project's financial success, risks, and return potential.

This financial feasibility study supports investment decisions and ensures the projects are economically sustainable.

In solar energy projects, EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) and Operation & Maintenance (O&M) specifications are critical for the successful implementation and sustainability of the project. This phase is essential to ensure high efficiency at every stage of the project and to establish a long-lasting system.

Preparation of Technical Specifications

Once the project design is finalized, technical specifications for EPC and O&M are prepared.

• The EPC specification includes technical requirements such as the equipment to be used, construction process, installation methods, safety standards, and quality control measures.
• The O&M specification defines the operation and maintenance processes, periodic inspections, repair and spare part needs, training requirements, and warranty periods.

PR Calculation Methodology

• The methodology for calculating the project’s Performance Ratio (PR) is also determined during this phase. PR is a parameter that shows the relationship between the system’s design efficiency and actual efficiency. This calculation is vital for evaluating the system's long-term performance and efficiency.

The preparation of these specifications is crucial to ensure project efficiency, safety, and long-term operation. A professional and detailed specification guarantees smooth progress at every stage of the project and ensures high-efficiency operation.

Selecting the right contractor in solar energy projects is a critical step for the success of the project. Technical consultancy provided during this process plays a vital role in ensuring the project is completed on time and within budget.

Compliance Assessment with Technical Specifications

Once the project and technical specifications are finalized, consultancy services are offered for selecting the EPC contractor.

• The bid documents of potential contractors are reviewed, and their compliance with the specifications is thoroughly evaluated.
• This evaluation covers the contractors' technical qualifications, experience, proposed solutions, and installation timelines.

Evaluation on Equal Terms

The bids from contractors are evaluated on equal terms to ensure fair and objective comparisons.

• Bids are assessed for technical and financial consistency, and the contractor best suited to meet the project’s requirements is selected.

This consultancy service ensures the selection of the right contractor and guarantees the project's completion to high-quality standards. The contractor's experience and competence are critical factors for the successful execution of the project.